IDGT

Intentionally defective grantor trust — irrevocable for estate tax (assets out of estate) but grantor trust for income tax so grantor pays income tax (economic gift to beneficiaries).

FacetDetail
Also calledIntentionally defective grantor trust, grantor trust sale trust
A-B / A-B-C roleNone
When createdDuring life
RevocableNo
Inter vivos / testamentaryInter vivos
Typical beneficiariesDescendants or family members
Primary purposeEstate freeze; sell assets to trust for note without income tax on sale
Marital deductionNo
Uses estate exclusionGift on seed gift; appreciation out of estate
In survivor's estateNo
Basis step-upCarryover on sold assets
Income taxGrantor trust
Crummey powersNo
GST / dynastyOften combined
SpendthriftYes
See-through (IRA)Not typical
Key tradeoffEstate freeze vs complexity and grantor's ongoing income tax bill