CLT

Charitable lead trust — pays income to charity for a term; remainder to family. Reduces gift/estate tax on transfers to heirs in high-value estates.

FacetDetail
Also calledCharitable lead annuity trust (CLAT), charitable lead unitrust (CLUT)
A-B / A-B-C roleNone
When createdDuring life or at death
RevocableNo
Inter vivos / testamentaryEither
Typical beneficiariesCharity (lead); heirs (remainder)
Primary purposeFund charity now; pass remainder to family at reduced transfer tax
Marital deductionNo (charitable lead, not marital)
Uses estate exclusionRemainder gift tax value reduced by charitable lead interest
In survivor's estateNo for properly structured lifetime CLT assets
Basis step-upCarryover on lifetime funding
Income taxGrantor or non-grantor CLT — different charitable deduction timing
Crummey powersNo
GST / dynastyRemainder to heirs may trigger GST planning
SpendthriftFor remainder beneficiaries
See-through (IRA)Not typical
Key tradeoffTransfer tax efficiency vs complexity and charity commitment during lead term